Appendix A: Blocking Function Database (Complete)

This appendix lists every built-in entry in Strato’s blocking function database: 61 entries across six categories. Users can extend this via [tool.strato.blocking] configuration (User Configuration) or @blocking decorator (Annotations API).

Sleep

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`time.sleep`	Use `asyncio.sleep()`	Blocks the event loop for the specified duration

Network I/O

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`requests.get`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP GET request
`requests.post`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP POST request
`requests.put`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP PUT request
`requests.delete`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP DELETE request
`requests.patch`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP PATCH request
`requests.head`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP HEAD request
`requests.options`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Synchronous HTTP OPTIONS request
`requests.request`	Use `aiohttp` or `httpx`	Generic synchronous HTTP request
`requests.Session.get`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP GET
`requests.Session.post`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP POST
`requests.Session.put`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP PUT
`requests.Session.delete`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP DELETE
`requests.Session.patch`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP PATCH
`requests.Session.head`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP HEAD
`requests.Session.options`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Session-based HTTP OPTIONS
`requests.Session.request`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Generic session-based HTTP request
`requests.Session.send`	Use `aiohttp.ClientSession`	Send prepared request via session
`urllib.request.urlopen`	Use `aiohttp`	Opens URL and reads response synchronously
`http.client.HTTPConnection.request`	Use `aiohttp`	Low-level HTTP connection request
`http.client.HTTPSConnection.request`	Use `aiohttp`	Low-level HTTPS connection request
`socket.socket.connect`	Use `asyncio` streams	Establishes socket connection
`socket.socket.recv`	Use `asyncio` streams	Receives data from socket
`socket.socket.send`	Use `asyncio` streams	Sends data through socket
`socket.socket.accept`	Use `asyncio.start_server()`	Accepts incoming socket connection
`socket.socket.sendall`	Use `asyncio` streams	Sends all data through socket
`socket.socket.recvfrom`	Use `asyncio` datagram	Receives data from datagram socket
`socket.create_connection`	Use `asyncio.open_connection()`	Creates and connects socket

File I/O

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`builtins.open`	Use `aiofiles.open()`	Opens file for reading or writing
`io.open`	Use `aiofiles.open()`	Alternative file opening interface
`os.read`	Use `aiofiles` or `run_in_executor`	Low-level file descriptor read
`os.write`	Use `aiofiles` or `run_in_executor`	Low-level file descriptor write
`os.fdopen`	Use `aiofiles`	Opens file descriptor as file object
`pathlib.Path.read_text`	Use `aiofiles`	Reads entire file as text
`pathlib.Path.read_bytes`	Use `aiofiles`	Reads entire file as bytes
`pathlib.Path.write_text`	Use `aiofiles`	Writes text to file
`pathlib.Path.write_bytes`	Use `aiofiles`	Writes bytes to file
`os.listdir`	Use `run_in_executor`	Lists directory contents
`os.scandir`	Use `run_in_executor`	Scans directory with detailed info
`os.stat`	Use `run_in_executor`	Gets file status information
`os.path.exists`	Use `run_in_executor`	Checks if path exists
`os.path.isfile`	Use `run_in_executor`	Checks if path is a file
`os.path.isdir`	Use `run_in_executor`	Checks if path is a directory
`glob.glob`	Use `run_in_executor`	Finds files matching pattern
`glob.iglob`	Use `run_in_executor`	Iterator for files matching pattern
`shutil.copy`	Use `run_in_executor`	Copies file
`shutil.move`	Use `run_in_executor`	Moves file or directory
`shutil.rmtree`	Use `run_in_executor`	Recursively removes directory tree

Subprocess

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`subprocess.run`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Runs command and waits for completion
`subprocess.call`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Runs command and returns exit code
`subprocess.check_call`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Runs command, raises on non-zero exit
`subprocess.check_output`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Runs command and captures output
`subprocess.Popen.wait`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Waits for subprocess to complete
`subprocess.Popen.communicate`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_exec()`	Sends input and reads output from subprocess
`os.system`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_shell()`	Executes shell command
`os.popen`	Use `asyncio.create_subprocess_shell()`	Opens pipe to/from shell command

Database

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`psycopg2.connect`	Use `asyncpg`	Establishes PostgreSQL connection
`sqlite3.connect`	Use `aiosqlite`	Establishes SQLite connection
`pymysql.connect`	Use `aiomysql`	Establishes MySQL connection

User Input

Qualified Name	Help Text	Notes
`builtins.input`	Use async input library or `run_in_executor`	Waits for user input from stdin